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Menstruation is triggered by an abrupt decline in the amount of
1) luteinising hormone
2) follicle-stimulating hormone
3) estrogen
4) progesterone
The correct answer is progesterone
Menstruation is triggered by an abrupt decline in the amount of progesterone. Progesterone is a hormone that is produced in the ovaries after ovulation, which is the release of an egg from the ovary. During the menstrual cycle, the lining of the uterus (the endometrium) thickens in preparation for a fertilized egg to implant.
If fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum (a temporary gland that forms after ovulation) stops producing progesterone, causing the levels of progesterone in the body to decrease. This decrease in progesterone signals the body to shed the thickened endometrial lining, resulting in menstruation.
While luteinising hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and estrogen all play important roles in the menstrual cycle, they do not directly trigger menstruation. LH and FSH stimulate the ovaries to produce estrogen and progesterone, while estrogen is responsible for thickening the endometrial lining. However, it is the decline in progesterone that ultimately triggers menstruation.